School of Communication: Recent submissions
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Ogari, Everline Kwamboka (Routledge, 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: Forced Migration entails tracing and studying the historical background of migration of Africans to America and other European countries; Forced Migration endeared itself to buying and selling of Africans who were acculturated to the European-American cultural forms that caused the syncretism of Africans' musical forms, identities and cultural meanings. Through the analysis of Kenyan traditional music, this chapter explores the historical background and provides examples of African musical styles before and after Colonialism, and examines how Forced Migration largely affected the development of African musical forms, identities and cultural meanings. Description: Book Chapter URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3927 Files in this item: 1
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Kaimenyi, Bertha; Naituli, Gitile (Gender Inequalities in Kenya, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: The role of the micro and small-scale enterprises (MSEs) sector in the development process has been at the center of development debate for the last three decades in Kenya and elsewhere in the developing world. Economic hardships experienced in the formal sector in Kenya and indeed in other developing countries have contributed to the enthusiasm now associated with the MSEs sector. Increasingly, the sector is perceived as a critical component in the creation of much needed skills, employment, and generation of livelihoods for a growing number of people within the urban as well as the rural sector. This paper seeks to contribute to this effort through examining entrepreneurial characteristics of women owned enterprises in Meru North and Meru Central districts in Kenya, and how these impact on the growth of these enterprises. The paper is based on an empirical survey conducted in randomly selected divisions of Meru North and Meru Central districts, which targeted 1,024 respondents, also randomly selected. In addition, key informants were purposively selected and interviewed to provide insights to the research problem. The data were analyzed to yield descriptive and inferential descriptors. Findings from this study show that entrepreneurial characteristics such as age, education, attitudes and perception have a significant relationship on the growth of micro and small-scale enterprises in the study area. Other characteristics that are critical to the growth of MSEs include start up capital, environment, both business and regulatory. The paper suggests that future development of MSEs especially those owned by women should be deliberately targeted and guided by clear policies, which are broad and holistic in their content and approach. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3925 Files in this item: 1
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Mbogoh, Beatrice (Transformation, January , 2013)[more][less]
Abstract: From the 1930s the East African Revival influenced Christian expression in East Central Africa and around the globe. This book analyses influences upon the movement and changes wrought by it in Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania and Congo, highlighting its impact on spirituality, political discourse and culture. A variety of scholarly approaches to a complex and changing phenomenon are juxtaposed with the narration of personal stories of testimony, vital to spirituality and expression of the revival, which give a sense of the dynamism of the movement. Those yet unacquainted with the revival will find a helpful introduction to its history. Those more familiar with the movement will discover new perspectives on its influence Description: Book Review URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3924 Files in this item: 1
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Perception of HIV/AIDS infection and its effect on condom use among the youth of Kenya’s Kibera SlumNganda, Jeremiah M.; Komen, Leah Jerop; Mbogoh, Beatrice (Journal of Development and Communication Studies, December , 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: While studies have shown that the total number of new HIV / AIDS infections globally is on the decrease, many Sub Saharan countries continue to record high HIV prevalence. This is the case especially among the youth living in informal settlements such as Kibera slums in Kenya. Proper and consistent condom use has been presented as one of the best ways of preventing the transmission of HIV among the youth whereas abstinence has been found to be a challenge for the youth who are seen as sexually active. Though several behaviour change campaigns have been done in Kenya to promote the use of condoms among the youth, their uptake is still low (Coma, 2014). Consequently, this study sought to find out the factors were influencing condom use decisions among the youth. Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour that links behaviour change to intention to perform behaviour greatly influenced by attitude, social norms and perceived behavioural control. Data for this quantitative study was collected through a questionnaire administered to 400 youths in Kibera and 356 were completed. Data collected were keyed into SPSS for analysis and presented in tables and graphs. Findings of the study revealed that many of the youth were sexually active (51 per cent) but were not using condoms. Their perception was that they were at no risk of infection (53.2 per cent). This perception of not being at risk impedes condom use among the youth hence the high HIV prevalence while another group felt that the free distributed condoms were of low quality. The study recommends that communicators, especially in this era of new media should tailor campaigns to address the perception of youth towards condoms. In addition, condom communication campaigns should link condom use to perception of risk of infection. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3923 Files in this item: 1
Perception of HIV AIDS infection.pdf (481.8Kb) -
Rugendo, John Chandi; Rugendo, Caroline Marigu Nyaga (LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2017)[more][less]
Abstract: The study investigated the influence of time management, learner-to-learner interaction, note-taking skills, reading skills, demographic variables and academic performance of distance learning students. Given the increasing numbers of post-secondary institutions offering degrees by distance learning, it is important to know the influence of study habits and demographic variables on academic performance of distance learning students. A total number of 347 students were selected using stratified random sampling technique from a population of 4, 500 students who were registered for the B.Ed. degree in different years of study. The findings indicated a strong positive influence of time management on academic performance (r =0.569), There was a positive influence of notes-taking on academic performance (r=0.635), influence of reading skills on academic performance (r =0.423), and influence of highest academic qualification on their academic performance of adult learners (r=0.237). Based on the findings, the study recommended that students should be trained in time management skills and also they should be encouraged to meet regularly for discussions. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3920 Files in this item: 1
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Gachari, Regina; Kinuthia, Jane; Wambua, Brenda (IGI Global, 2021)[more][less]
Abstract: This chapter explores the dynamics of parental involvement in immigrant learners' education with specific focus on areas of involvement, possible challenges, and strategic ways of mitigation against such challenges. Parental support may take a variety of ways including learning activities at home, family involvement at school, school outreach programs that engage families such as volunteerism and supportive parenting activities. In this endeavor, challenges such as language barrier, culture conflicts, teachers' perceptions of parents and learners, literacy levels of the immigrant parents, curriculum diversities, as well as unavailability of resources are likely to arise. Mitigating strategies explored in this chapter include forums for educators and immigrant parents, training for parents on effective communication and school policies, as well as regular evaluation of parental support programs. This information is critical for educators and policy makers since it illuminates factors affecting the partnerships between schools and home environments for immigrant learners. Description: Book Chapter URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3914 Files in this item: 1
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Wamulama, O; Wambua, B; Akombo, A.S (Moran Publishers LTD, 2012)[more][less]
Abstract: Breakthrough Workbook English Form 3 is specifically developed to meet not only the needs of students and teachers but also give parents a chance to stay involved in their children’s education. The benefits of Breakthrough Workbooks are: • Helps the student in understanding the concepts learnt in class by answering the numerous challenging questions under self-check quiz section. • Encourage independent evaluation: students can do exercises alone thus promoting skill development and retention. • The jog your mind section encourages deeper thinking by the student. • Model exam papers covering the whole syllabus help the student prepare for KCSE and other exams. • Comprehensively cover the syllabus content, level by level: guaranteeing success in KCSE. • Contain sufficient objective to objective revision and self-assessment exercises. • Effective tools for Continuous Assessment Tests (CATs) on opening/entry, mid and end of term exams to boost value added progress (VAP) • Offer students a unique opportunity to work independently at home and in school. • Contain answers to enable students evaluate themselves. • Written by experienced practicing teachers and examiners. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3913 Files in this item: 1
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Wambua, Brenda; Gachari, R; Kinuthia, Jane (IGI Global, 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: The concepts discussed in this chapter were conceptualized out of the experiences of lecturers and researchers who have from time to time found themselves in situations where their learners require extra support for them to navigate through the academic rigor expected of them. Linguistic competence of the language of instruction has been proven to contribute significantly to a learner's success since through this medium, knowledge is acquired and disseminated. Language can thus be a facilitator or impediment of knowledge acquisition. Thus, institutions of higher learning must strive to put in place strategic mechanisms to support learners especially in a time when higher education is experiencing greater internationalization with diverse learners. The chapter discusses strategies that would support such learners, with a view of encouraging the players in higher education to explore opportunities for such support which may be available both inside and outside the classroom. Description: Book Chapter URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3912 Files in this item: 1
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Aswani, Daniel Robert; Mbutu, Paul; Mwithia, Kinya (International Journal of Media, Journalism and Mass Communications, 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: At the time of a terror attack, victims yearn for messages from the government so that they can make decisions on their safety and security. When the government communicates, the victims form perceptions towards such communication. The perceptions that victims of terror hold are partly attributed to the expectations that the victims have of government communication. This study explored terror victims’ expectations of government communication. The study adopted a qualitative methodology and used hermeneutic phenomenological design. The findings showed that victims of terror have expectations of government communication ranging from the desire for personalized communication; agility in communication; transparent and prompt communication; well-coordinated messaging; and communicate power and authority. Different studies, both conceptual and speculative, point to the same expectations of the different audiences that consume government communication. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3809 Files in this item: 1
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Aswani, Daniel Robert; Mbutu, Paul; Kinya, Mwithia (International Journal of International Relations, Media and Mass Communication Studies, December , 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: This study falls within the government communication field. In the study, we aim at exploring what citizens make of government from its actions and communication. The study was contextualized in the government actions and communication during the 2015 Garissa University College terror attack. Terrorism is violent communication aimed at discrediting the position that governments protect citizens’ lives and property. How government deals with the attackers and how it communicates to citizens who eagerly await government communication reveals something about the nature of government. Although government communicates to the citizens, studies have been silent on citizen feedback based on the messages and actions of the government. This study adopted a qualitative approach and took a hermeneutic phenomenological design where terror victims’ lived experiences were interrogated to elucidate some perceptions towards government and government communication. Three methods were used to generate data, namely: interviews, observation and document analysis. The study findings revealed that terror victims interacted with government — an interaction that revealed a government that send mixed signals on its capacity to handle the situation Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3807 Files in this item: 1
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Mbutu, Paul M. (Journal of Human Resource and Leadership, 2019)[more][less]
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to give a general overview of the term “leadership” as used and explained by different authors and how it is situated in the context of psychology and discursive leadership. Purpose: Methodology: The paper adopted a desktop methodology research design. Key words such as leadership styles, leadership, leadership dimensions, and communication in leadership were used to source published papers from popular search engines such as google and scholar. The published papers were then assessed for quality and those found relevant were used to generate results. The type of data analysis method used was qualitative data analysis. Specifically, content analysis was used to identify key themes and research gaps from papers. Findings: Communication was found to be a crucial element in almost all leadership types and dimensions. However, the role and importance of communication in leadership was more implied than expressly advocated for in the various leadership forms and styles. Consequently, a discursive approach to leadership was recommended which expressly recognizes the role of communication, the role of framing and the need to infuse to get things done by communicating more effectively. It was also suggested that the excesses of charismatic leadership styles could be a downside to the use of effective use of communication in negative manipulation of followers. Unique contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The paper sheds light on the role that communication plays in leadership. Discursive leadership is an additional theoretical dimension to leadership styles, types and dimensions. Policy makers may prescribe the need for discursive leadership in the various policy documents such as the constitution sections which advocate for leadership and governance among public and private institutions. Leaders in all fora could apply discursive leadership in a bid to improve leader-follower performance outcomes. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3806 Files in this item: 1
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Njeru, B. Wairimu; Mbutu, Paul; Awiti, Jane (International Journal of Communication and Public Relation, May , 2018)[more][less]
Abstract: Purpose: Chamas are popular social collectives in Kenya. Literature suggests that one in three Kenyans belong to at least one Chama, and that though Chamas are formed for a variety of valid reasons, many often break within their formative years. The four Chamas presented in this study are between 8 and 16 years old, and in their words, are growing stronger. The study takes on a Communicative Constitution of Organisation (CCO) metatheoretical stance, to explore how communication constitutes the Chamas as such stable organisations. Methodology: The study adopted the McPhee and Zaug‟s Four Flows model, which suggests that organisations are communicatively constituted through Four flows: membership negotiation, reflexive self-structuring, activity coordination, and institutional positioning. While Chamas exhibit these flows in unique ways, we argue that a more binding, additional flow contributes to a stable Chama, creating an organisation better placed in meeting its objectives, and therefore working better for the wellbeing of its members, as well as its wider social context. This study presents findings from four purposively selected Chamas: KP, BC, UFN, and TW, which were observed over 6 months. Four in depth interviews were held with the leadership of the Chamas, in addition to four focus group discussions with members of the Chamas. Results: The findings reveal a unique Flow, which we refer to as the Intangible Fabric Flow, which arguably, smoothens the running of McPhee and Zaug‟s Four Flows, in the context of the Chamas, and adds an exclusive theoretical contribution. Unique Contribution to theory and practice: The study provides a unique contribution to theory and practice since Chamas and organisations in general will benefit from considering and nurturing an intangible fabric which helps them to hold together, beyond the work that they are doing. This stability can bring with it immense rewards brought about by a stable organisation. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3805 Files in this item: 1
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Lando, Agnes Lucy; Nguru, Faith Wariara (Rowman & Littlefield, 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: Beginning from the ancient, traditional, modern to the contemporary Social Media, communication has always played a unifying, educational, informational, and entertainment role in society. In stating this, however, one cannot overlook the fact that communication or the lack of it has also (in these periods) been used to divide communities, socioeconomic-political blocs and nations. In the case of the East African Community (EAC), it is probable that of the various factors that contributed to the collapse of the original EAC in 1977, lack of effective communication to the EAC citizens and Member States was a key factor. It then took fourteen years for the formal communique to revive the EAC, and another eight years for the Treaty to be signed. Conversely, the European Union (EU) that boasts of twenty-eight member states, and counting, is an example of an organization with similar mandates as the EAC. These nations came into existence, developed, and are continually evolving to meet their citizens’ needs and aspirations. Whereas the first attempt to establish EU in 1993 took deep root and stood on firm grounds, the desire to establish EAC is on the third attempt. One of the reasons contributing to the success is the fact that EU member states developed communication strategies to raise awareness about EU’s existence; and the benefits that member states and citizens could derive from continues engagement. Similarly, this chapter holds that if the EAC agenda is to succeed, then communication ought to be at the core of the development of eastafricanization Description: Book Chapter URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3781 Files in this item: 1
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Bett, Harry Kipkemoi; Nguru, Faith; Kiruhi, Tim Mwangi (Industrial and Commercial Training, June , 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a discussion on the construction of followership identity among teachers in Kenya which has had less attention. Further, as Kenya is currently implementing a new education curriculum (competency-based curriculum) which requires teachers to be more proactive in their work, an understanding of how they construct their followership identity in schools is paramount, as this is linked to the attainment of learning outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – Symbolic interactionism theory, which suggests that individuals respond to phenomena based on the meaning they give such phenomena and through interactions with others, has been used to support arguments in this paper. This theory is relevant to this paper, as it helps in understanding the meaning that teachers give to ‘followership’ through interactions with others in their schools. Findings – The arguments in the current paper suggest that as Kenyan teachers interact with colleagues, their meaning of ‘followership’ is defined and refined. The resulting identity is important for these teachers, especially as they embrace the new curriculum in the country which requires them to be more proactive, unlike the previous one. Research limitations/implications – As this is a conceptual paper, there is no empirical data to ground validate the arguments given. Originality/value – The use of symbolic interactionism in the discussion of this paper adds another dimension to the followership and identity construction among followers. Much of the literature has focused on followership in general but not fromthe lens of symbolic interactionism. Description: General review URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3780 Files in this item: 1
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Nguru, Faith (Daystar University, School of Communication, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: The idea of this book begun a decade ago when a group of single adult women met to share their experiences as Christians in a culture that highly values marriage. In order to validate their experiences, a more recent empirical research project was designed to capture the views of both men and women who were wrestling with the challenges of singlehood. Those who provide ministry to the single adults were interviewed in order to present a fuller account of the church as a context within which believers are nurtured towards fullness in Christ. Description: Book URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3776 Files in this item: 1
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Nguru, Faith; Lando, Agnes Lucy (Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2018)[more][less]
Abstract: John S. Mbiti, a renowned African theologian, once described Africans as notoriously religious (Mbiti, African Religions & Philosophy. Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers, 1969/2011). The modern expression of their religiosity is found in the two main Christian denominations; the Roman Catholic and the various Protestant denominations as well as remnants of African traditional religions that sometimes find their way into mainstream Christianity. It is against this general background that our discussion in the Black African communication chapter, with a focus on the Africans’ religious perspective, will be anchored. The knowledge system of Christians in the Eastern and Southern regions of Africa forms the context of our study. This chapter analyzes how the religious worldview influences communication patterns and systems at the interpersonal and group communication levels. Description: Book Chapter URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3774 Files in this item: 1
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Miller, Ann Neville; Kinya, Jesica; Booker, Nancy; Kizito, Mary N.; wa Ngula, Kyalo (Patient Education and Counseling, 2010)[more][less]
Abstract: Objective: This study explored Kenyan patients’ perspectives on the role of ethnicity in the doctor– patient relationship. Methods: 221 participants completed questionnaires on ethnicity in doctor–patient relationships; eight focus groups were held with low- and middle-income urban and rural women. Results: About half of participants expressed no preference for doctor ethnicity. Participants rated demographic factors as less important than factors related to the doctor’s qualifications, communication skills, and cost of service. Those who did indicate a preference were more likely to prefer Indian doctors for eye problems and Europeans for major surgery, cancer, and heart problems. With less severe medical issues participants were more likely to prefer a doctor who was ethnically concordant with them. Reasons for this centered around communication issues. In contrast, several focus group participants did not want to be treated by doctors from their own ethnic group because of concerns about confidentiality. Conclusion: Additional research is needed on negative implications of patient–provider concordance. Practice implications: Medical service providers must be aware of concerns about ethnic concordance. Alternatively medical centers that deal with sensitive medical information need to consider hiring staff who are not of the majority ethnic group in their region. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3771 Files in this item: 1
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Miller, Ann Neville; Golding, Lenette; wa Ngula, Kyalo; Wambua, MaryAnne; Mutua, Evans; Kitizo, Mary N.; Teti, Caroline; Booker, Nancy; Mwithia, Kinya; Rubin, Donald L (African Journal of AIDS Research, November , 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: A large portion of HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa occurs among married couples, yet the majority of research on safer-sex communication has focused on communication between couples in casual relationships. This paper explores how committed Kamba couples in Machakos District, Kenya, communicate about sensitive relational issues. The findings from focus group discussions with five groups of males and five groups of females are presented. The couples freely shared their thoughts about daily and economic issues and certain aspects of family planning and sexuality. Methods for raising sensitive issues with partners included monitoring the spouse’s mood, gradual or indirect revelation, mentioning topics during sex, and use of third-party intermediaries. Interference by extended family members, especially husbands’ mothers, and male authoritarian roles emerged as hindrances to effective communication between couples. The implications for HIV prevention regarding gender differences and the role of families in couples’ communication are discussed Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3770 Files in this item: 1
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Kiptinness, Evonne Mwangale; Kiwanuka-Tondo, James (Cogent Medicine, March , 2019)[more][less]
Abstract: Kenya has one of highest numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa (UNAIDS, 2018). The Kenyan media and most notably the Daily Nation play an important role in the social construction of HIV/AIDS nationally. This article uses the theory of media framing to understand the manner in which Kenyan newspapers make sense of the HIV/AIDS issue between the years 2011 and 2015. Specifically, this analysis focuses on multiple frames used by stakeholders with respect to the following topical categories (a) valence (positive/negative), (b) the action frame, (c) victim frame, (d) severity of HIV/AIDS in Kenya, (e) causes and solutions, and (f) beliefs about who is at risk. The findings show the action and victim frames to be most dominant. The group “other” was considered most at risk of contracting HIV, while positive valence was noted in most sampled articles. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3769 Files in this item: 1
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Miller, Ann Neville; Kinnally, William; Maleche, Hellen; Booker, Nancy Achieng’ (African Journal of AIDS Research, June , 2017)[more][less]
Abstract: Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk for contracting HIV. Although media campaigns have educated the population as a whole, few studies are available about the time sub-Saharan African youth spend listening to and viewing sexual messages via the entertainment and informational media. The goals of this project were: 1) to investigate what programming Nairobi adolescents access; and 2) to investigate the association between frequency of access and level of focus on physical relationships with adolescents’ perceptions of descriptive norms of peer sexual behaviour, and their attitudes regarding men as sex driven, women as sex objects, and dating as a sport. A total of 464 students from 6 Nairobi secondary schools were surveyed. When students’ favourite musicians had a strong focus on physical relationships in their songs, those students estimated the prevalence of risky sexual behaviours among their peers higher. These students also endorsed gender stereotypical and casual attitudes about sex. Large amounts of time spend on the Internet was predictive of all sexual attitude variables. Students whose favourite TV programmes had a strong focus on physical relationships also estimated prevalence of peer sexual behaviour as high. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3768 Files in this item: 1