Journal Articles: Recent submissions
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Mbutu, Paul M. (Journal of Human Resource and Leadership, 2019)[more][less]
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to give a general overview of the term “leadership” as used and explained by different authors and how it is situated in the context of psychology and discursive leadership. Purpose: Methodology: The paper adopted a desktop methodology research design. Key words such as leadership styles, leadership, leadership dimensions, and communication in leadership were used to source published papers from popular search engines such as google and scholar. The published papers were then assessed for quality and those found relevant were used to generate results. The type of data analysis method used was qualitative data analysis. Specifically, content analysis was used to identify key themes and research gaps from papers. Findings: Communication was found to be a crucial element in almost all leadership types and dimensions. However, the role and importance of communication in leadership was more implied than expressly advocated for in the various leadership forms and styles. Consequently, a discursive approach to leadership was recommended which expressly recognizes the role of communication, the role of framing and the need to infuse to get things done by communicating more effectively. It was also suggested that the excesses of charismatic leadership styles could be a downside to the use of effective use of communication in negative manipulation of followers. Unique contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The paper sheds light on the role that communication plays in leadership. Discursive leadership is an additional theoretical dimension to leadership styles, types and dimensions. Policy makers may prescribe the need for discursive leadership in the various policy documents such as the constitution sections which advocate for leadership and governance among public and private institutions. Leaders in all fora could apply discursive leadership in a bid to improve leader-follower performance outcomes. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3806 Files in this item: 1
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Njeru, B. Wairimu; Mbutu, Paul; Awiti, Jane (International Journal of Communication and Public Relation, May , 2018)[more][less]
Abstract: Purpose: Chamas are popular social collectives in Kenya. Literature suggests that one in three Kenyans belong to at least one Chama, and that though Chamas are formed for a variety of valid reasons, many often break within their formative years. The four Chamas presented in this study are between 8 and 16 years old, and in their words, are growing stronger. The study takes on a Communicative Constitution of Organisation (CCO) metatheoretical stance, to explore how communication constitutes the Chamas as such stable organisations. Methodology: The study adopted the McPhee and Zaug‟s Four Flows model, which suggests that organisations are communicatively constituted through Four flows: membership negotiation, reflexive self-structuring, activity coordination, and institutional positioning. While Chamas exhibit these flows in unique ways, we argue that a more binding, additional flow contributes to a stable Chama, creating an organisation better placed in meeting its objectives, and therefore working better for the wellbeing of its members, as well as its wider social context. This study presents findings from four purposively selected Chamas: KP, BC, UFN, and TW, which were observed over 6 months. Four in depth interviews were held with the leadership of the Chamas, in addition to four focus group discussions with members of the Chamas. Results: The findings reveal a unique Flow, which we refer to as the Intangible Fabric Flow, which arguably, smoothens the running of McPhee and Zaug‟s Four Flows, in the context of the Chamas, and adds an exclusive theoretical contribution. Unique Contribution to theory and practice: The study provides a unique contribution to theory and practice since Chamas and organisations in general will benefit from considering and nurturing an intangible fabric which helps them to hold together, beyond the work that they are doing. This stability can bring with it immense rewards brought about by a stable organisation. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3805 Files in this item: 1
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Lando, Agnes Lucy; Nguru, Faith Wariara (Rowman & Littlefield, 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: Beginning from the ancient, traditional, modern to the contemporary Social Media, communication has always played a unifying, educational, informational, and entertainment role in society. In stating this, however, one cannot overlook the fact that communication or the lack of it has also (in these periods) been used to divide communities, socioeconomic-political blocs and nations. In the case of the East African Community (EAC), it is probable that of the various factors that contributed to the collapse of the original EAC in 1977, lack of effective communication to the EAC citizens and Member States was a key factor. It then took fourteen years for the formal communique to revive the EAC, and another eight years for the Treaty to be signed. Conversely, the European Union (EU) that boasts of twenty-eight member states, and counting, is an example of an organization with similar mandates as the EAC. These nations came into existence, developed, and are continually evolving to meet their citizens’ needs and aspirations. Whereas the first attempt to establish EU in 1993 took deep root and stood on firm grounds, the desire to establish EAC is on the third attempt. One of the reasons contributing to the success is the fact that EU member states developed communication strategies to raise awareness about EU’s existence; and the benefits that member states and citizens could derive from continues engagement. Similarly, this chapter holds that if the EAC agenda is to succeed, then communication ought to be at the core of the development of eastafricanization Description: Book Chapter URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3781 Files in this item: 1
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Bett, Harry Kipkemoi; Nguru, Faith; Kiruhi, Tim Mwangi (Industrial and Commercial Training, June , 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a discussion on the construction of followership identity among teachers in Kenya which has had less attention. Further, as Kenya is currently implementing a new education curriculum (competency-based curriculum) which requires teachers to be more proactive in their work, an understanding of how they construct their followership identity in schools is paramount, as this is linked to the attainment of learning outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – Symbolic interactionism theory, which suggests that individuals respond to phenomena based on the meaning they give such phenomena and through interactions with others, has been used to support arguments in this paper. This theory is relevant to this paper, as it helps in understanding the meaning that teachers give to ‘followership’ through interactions with others in their schools. Findings – The arguments in the current paper suggest that as Kenyan teachers interact with colleagues, their meaning of ‘followership’ is defined and refined. The resulting identity is important for these teachers, especially as they embrace the new curriculum in the country which requires them to be more proactive, unlike the previous one. Research limitations/implications – As this is a conceptual paper, there is no empirical data to ground validate the arguments given. Originality/value – The use of symbolic interactionism in the discussion of this paper adds another dimension to the followership and identity construction among followers. Much of the literature has focused on followership in general but not fromthe lens of symbolic interactionism. Description: General review URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3780 Files in this item: 1
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Nguru, Faith (Daystar University, School of Communication, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: The idea of this book begun a decade ago when a group of single adult women met to share their experiences as Christians in a culture that highly values marriage. In order to validate their experiences, a more recent empirical research project was designed to capture the views of both men and women who were wrestling with the challenges of singlehood. Those who provide ministry to the single adults were interviewed in order to present a fuller account of the church as a context within which believers are nurtured towards fullness in Christ. Description: Book URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3776 Files in this item: 1
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Miller, Ann Neville; Kinya, Jesica; Booker, Nancy; Kizito, Mary N.; wa Ngula, Kyalo (Patient Education and Counseling, 2010)[more][less]
Abstract: Objective: This study explored Kenyan patients’ perspectives on the role of ethnicity in the doctor– patient relationship. Methods: 221 participants completed questionnaires on ethnicity in doctor–patient relationships; eight focus groups were held with low- and middle-income urban and rural women. Results: About half of participants expressed no preference for doctor ethnicity. Participants rated demographic factors as less important than factors related to the doctor’s qualifications, communication skills, and cost of service. Those who did indicate a preference were more likely to prefer Indian doctors for eye problems and Europeans for major surgery, cancer, and heart problems. With less severe medical issues participants were more likely to prefer a doctor who was ethnically concordant with them. Reasons for this centered around communication issues. In contrast, several focus group participants did not want to be treated by doctors from their own ethnic group because of concerns about confidentiality. Conclusion: Additional research is needed on negative implications of patient–provider concordance. Practice implications: Medical service providers must be aware of concerns about ethnic concordance. Alternatively medical centers that deal with sensitive medical information need to consider hiring staff who are not of the majority ethnic group in their region. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3771 Files in this item: 1
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Miller, Ann Neville; Golding, Lenette; wa Ngula, Kyalo; Wambua, MaryAnne; Mutua, Evans; Kitizo, Mary N.; Teti, Caroline; Booker, Nancy; Mwithia, Kinya; Rubin, Donald L (African Journal of AIDS Research, November , 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: A large portion of HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa occurs among married couples, yet the majority of research on safer-sex communication has focused on communication between couples in casual relationships. This paper explores how committed Kamba couples in Machakos District, Kenya, communicate about sensitive relational issues. The findings from focus group discussions with five groups of males and five groups of females are presented. The couples freely shared their thoughts about daily and economic issues and certain aspects of family planning and sexuality. Methods for raising sensitive issues with partners included monitoring the spouse’s mood, gradual or indirect revelation, mentioning topics during sex, and use of third-party intermediaries. Interference by extended family members, especially husbands’ mothers, and male authoritarian roles emerged as hindrances to effective communication between couples. The implications for HIV prevention regarding gender differences and the role of families in couples’ communication are discussed Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3770 Files in this item: 1
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Kiptinness, Evonne Mwangale; Kiwanuka-Tondo, James (Cogent Medicine, March , 2019)[more][less]
Abstract: Kenya has one of highest numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa (UNAIDS, 2018). The Kenyan media and most notably the Daily Nation play an important role in the social construction of HIV/AIDS nationally. This article uses the theory of media framing to understand the manner in which Kenyan newspapers make sense of the HIV/AIDS issue between the years 2011 and 2015. Specifically, this analysis focuses on multiple frames used by stakeholders with respect to the following topical categories (a) valence (positive/negative), (b) the action frame, (c) victim frame, (d) severity of HIV/AIDS in Kenya, (e) causes and solutions, and (f) beliefs about who is at risk. The findings show the action and victim frames to be most dominant. The group “other” was considered most at risk of contracting HIV, while positive valence was noted in most sampled articles. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3769 Files in this item: 1
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Miller, Ann Neville; Kinnally, William; Maleche, Hellen; Booker, Nancy Achieng’ (African Journal of AIDS Research, June , 2017)[more][less]
Abstract: Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk for contracting HIV. Although media campaigns have educated the population as a whole, few studies are available about the time sub-Saharan African youth spend listening to and viewing sexual messages via the entertainment and informational media. The goals of this project were: 1) to investigate what programming Nairobi adolescents access; and 2) to investigate the association between frequency of access and level of focus on physical relationships with adolescents’ perceptions of descriptive norms of peer sexual behaviour, and their attitudes regarding men as sex driven, women as sex objects, and dating as a sport. A total of 464 students from 6 Nairobi secondary schools were surveyed. When students’ favourite musicians had a strong focus on physical relationships in their songs, those students estimated the prevalence of risky sexual behaviours among their peers higher. These students also endorsed gender stereotypical and casual attitudes about sex. Large amounts of time spend on the Internet was predictive of all sexual attitude variables. Students whose favourite TV programmes had a strong focus on physical relationships also estimated prevalence of peer sexual behaviour as high. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3768 Files in this item: 1
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Gitau, Julie Gathoni; Chebii, Stella Jerop (Journal of Development and Communication Studies, June , 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: Although employees are the most critical of organisation publics, it is unclear whether employee-organisation relationships (EORs) in non-profit organisations (NPOs) in Kenya are prioritised. To investigate this question further, the study explored relationship antecedents in two non-profit organisations. The study was informed by relationship management theory and the symmetrical communication framework. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were carried out among 24 purposively sampled management and non-management employees. The data was manually analysed and requisite a priori and in vivo codes and themes identified. The study findings suggest a lack of understanding about the strategic role of public relations in the organisation. Further, technician oriented PR departments mediate the perceptions of and effort expended on internal relationships. Managing employee-organisation relationships was perceived more as a human resource rather than a PR function which precludes more robust forms of PR practice. The researchers recommend a clear demarcation between the public relations and human resource function and to build strategic PR departments that embrace internal relationship management. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3767 Files in this item: 1
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Muraya, Julie Gathoni; Miller, Ann Neville; Mjomba, Leonard (Health Communication, April , 2011)[more][less]
Abstract: Although it ran on multiple mass media for the better part of a year, end line evaluation of the Nimechill youth abstinence campaign in Kenya indicated that exposure to the campaign had no relationship to youth decisions to defer sexual debut. One possible explanation of this lack of association could be that target audience members derived inconsistent and confusing meanings from visuals as opposed to text in the campaign. Employing Hall’s concept of high- and low-context communication, we assessed target population interpretation of four campaign posters via twelve focus groups discussions and four individual in-depth interviews with Nairobi youth. We found that although participants endorsed and recognized campaign objectives, contextual cues in some campaign visuals were interpreted by participants as being contradictory to the abstinence message in the poster texts. In addition noticeable differences arose between the lowincome and middle-/high-income groups in interpretation of one of the posters. We conclude with recommendations regarding use of visuals in high-context cultures and involvement of youth from various socio-economic strata in campaign planning. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3766 Files in this item: 1
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Masaviru, Mohan; Mwangi, Rose; Masindano, Peter (New Media and Mass Communication, 2015)[more][less]
Abstract: The purpose of the research was to study the influence of self-disclosure on contraceptive use among couples in Changamwe constituency. The study adopted descriptive survey design. Multi-stage sampling was used in arriving at the target population in Migadini Estate. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the 269 respondents. The study found out that self-disclosure influenced contraceptive use because there was a weak but positive significant correlation between self-disclosure and contraceptive use. Pearson’s correlation showed that they were correlated, r (269), = .32, p < .001. Therefore, behaviour change communication programmes should focus on self-disclosure in order to convince married couples and romantic friends to disclose about their preferred contraceptives. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3765 Files in this item: 1
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Masaviru, Mohan; Mwangi, Rose; Masindano, Peter (Developing Country Studies, 2015)[more][less]
Abstract: The problem of this study was the high rate of unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions despite high contraceptive knowledge and family planning awareness in Kenya. The purpose of the research was to study the level of self-disclosure and contraceptives used by couples in Changamwe constituency. Descriptive survey design was used and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 269 respondents. It found out that self-disclosure among the couples was average - 52%. The study found out that 55.4% of the respondents used contraceptives while 44.6% did not. On the other hand, 72.9% reported to know of at least one contraceptive method. The common contraceptives used were birth control pills, birth control implants, injectable birth control and the male condom. The study concluded that there was still a wide gap between contraceptive awareness and its use because of the level of self-disclosure. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3764 Files in this item: 1
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Mwangi, Rose; Ngure, Peter; Thiga, Moses; Ngure, Jane (Global Journal of Health Science, 2014)[more][less]
Abstract: Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) is recognized as a critical component of effective HIV prevention initiative and has therefore been promoted nationally and within universities in Kenya. Upon successful counselling and testing those found to be HIV negative are informed to take the necessary measures to protect themselves while the infected are advised to start the required medication. This study examined the attitudes toward VCT services among university students in four Kenyan universities. 980 students filled self administered questionnaires. Results showed that 38.5% of the subjects had tested for HIV in the last 12 months and students (55.8%) felt less susceptible to HIV infection. Findings from a factor analysis revealed that the intention to seek the services was associated with five attitude subscales that were ranked as follows (i) people’s and personal concerns, (ii) friends concerns, (iii) value of testing, (iv) confidentiality and support, and (v) perceived susceptibility. The first three items are associated with stigma which was evidenced in the subjects’ report that admitting that one should test for HIV would imply that one has engaged in immoral behaviour. Secondly, subjects felt that their friends would look down on them if they tested for HIV. Knowing the students’ attitudes will therefore assist in the development of appropriate VCT interventions that will promote HIV testing and behaviour change. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3763 Files in this item: 1
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Kowuor, Rosemary Nyaole (ResearchGate, 2015)[more][less]
Abstract: The implications of emerging digital technologies and increasing interest in the computerized delivery are immense: eLearning through electronic mail, the Internet, the World Wide Web (www), and multimedia are no longer mere add-ons in education and learning. This paper is based on an action research that aimed at developing a framework for achieving blended learning framework among Communication students at Daystar University, Kenya. Two-fold problem that served as a point of departure for this research was the fact that Daystar has put in place a platform for eLearning yet, only some members of faculty and students have been able to utilize this platform for learning purposes, while others find themselves less well equipped to cope with emerging technologies. The second problem area involved better understanding why some people turn to eLearning, while others do not. These variances were at the heart of the problem areas for this study. The study was based on Denscombe’s action research model and was conducted over a period of two years during which, I worked with students, as co-facilitators and peer-mentors, during every class session on rotational basis, in planning for class sessions and coming up with class activities or instructional practices that they believed would help promote active learning and critical reflection. Traditional class activities were centred on deep learning (data processing). Students did surface learning (data transfer) on the eLearning platform during their private time under the guidance of a pool of peer-mentors. Data analysis adopted Costello’s (2003, pg 57) approach that “there is a close relationship between the collection of action research data and its analysis.” After every class session, I met with the co-facilitators and their mentors to analyze the previous class sessions and designed activities for the next class. This implies that my data analysis was part of data gathering. It was a continuous process, as we reflected on learning activities during previous classes; adopted instructional practices that promoted reflective learning and discarded those that inhibited reflective learning. We designed each class activity in line with the lesson topic for each week. The study established a link between blended learning instructional practices and adoption of eLearning and recommends looking toward advancement of technology know-how and course design as strategies for promoting eLearning success among communication students at Daystar University. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3618 Files in this item: 1
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Okumbe, Margaret Ayuma; Peel, Clayton; Adagala, Nancy; Kowuor, Rosemary Nyaole; Obonyo, Levi (International Journal of Communication, 2017)[more][less]
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine whether gaps exist in the Kenyan journalism training thatare now filled by other professionals. Materials and methods: The three study sites were local FM radio stations - Radio Citizen, Radio Jambo, and Radio Maisha. Using a 2014 Media Council of Kenya study of radio talk shows in Kenya as a background,the thesis placed more emphasis on the radio presenters and their content. The study applied Social Responsibility Theory which posits that media should be more responsible and accountable to the society. The study employed a descriptive survey using qualitative and quantitative approaches. In this study, four presenters, two key personnel from the Media Council of Kenya were interviewed. as well as a sample of their radio talk show content. Results: The media council of Kenya lacked the capacity to ensure that only trained radio broadcast journalists were hired by media houses. In addition, despite MCK having developed a curriculum for middle level journalism training institutions, its impact in standardising training had been negligible. Recommendations: The study recommended improvement of the journalism curriculum as well as embracing of the MCK curriculum by middle level colleges URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3617 Files in this item: 1
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Komen, Leah Jerop (Journal of Development and Communication Studies, June , 2017)
[more][less]Abstract: The integration of mobile phones into social life has attracted divergent views on its technosocial capacities for social transformations especially its disruption on the integrity of space and time. While celebrated as a technology that liberates users from the constraints of time and place, it is equally reviled for the defilement of place or space and face to face social encounters (copresence). This paper discusses the influence of mobile telephony on social interactions with specific focus on conversations around copresence in Marakwet. Through ethnographic interviews and observational notes, the paper argues for the need to study mobile telephony as a social assemblage. Drawing from Delanda’s (2006) version of assemblage theory, the researcher finds that copresent encounters has changed the way time and place is conceptualised, with distinctions between private and public places blurred and transformation of social interaction evidenced. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3039 Files in this item: 1
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Obonyo, Levi; Owilla, Hesbon Hansen (Worlds of Journalism Study, 2017)
[more][less]Abstract: Kenya boasts one of the vibrant media markets by the standards of East Africa. According to the Media Council of Kenya, there are about 3000 journalists operating in the country and who are registered with the statutory media regulating body. The number of journalists listed by the Media Council includes those who work for the media houses on a full time basis, correspondents, stringers or freelancers, and also students at the nation’s media schools. In order to appreciate the kind of journalist working in the Kenyan media it is helpful to first consider the Kenyan media landscape. There is almost an even spread of radio in the urban and in the rural, even if the urban may appear to have more stations. The majority of the media established in the city are the traditional ones: print, television, and radio. Most of these urban-based legacy media target the entire country and largely operate in either of the national languages of Kiswahili and English. The country has four national newspapers: Nation, Standard, Star and People, all published in English. The last regular daily publication is the Kiswahili language newspaper, Taifa Leo, a sister publication to the largest circulating newspaper URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3038 Files in this item: 1
Journalists in Kenya.pdf (394.7Kb) -
Njoya, Wandia (Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies, 2018)
[more][less]URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3006 Files in this item: 1
Curriculum Reforms in Kenya.pdf (106.6Kb) -
Njoroge, Carol; Obonyo, Levi (International Journal of Communications and Public Relations, 2017)
[more][less]Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish the influence of PR strategies on the success of CEO‟s image in selected organizationsin Kenya Methodology: The current research adopted both quantitative and qualitative approach (mixed method) using the survey research design. The researcher used questionnaires and interviews. The entire population in this research was all corporate companies that have participated in the COYA awards in the last five years. However, the sample population in this study was selected Public Relations departments and selected CEOs whose organizations had successfully been recognized as either top- ranking or bottom ranking the COYA annual awards in the last five years. The sampling approach that was used in this study is non-probability sampling, and the researcher used purposive sampling.The process of data analysis included organizing, analyzing and summarizing all the findings. Quantitative data was analyzed by the use descriptive statistics and presented in form of frequency tables, charts, and graph. Results: Results indicate that the majority of respondents strongly agreed with the statement that the PR department is involved in training the CEO in public speaking skills to mould his image(46% ), that the PR deprtment is involved in training the CEO in non verbal skills to mold his image to the public(43%), that CEO is consitently trained on interpersonal interaction( 44%), that the CEO is coached on the communication words to boost his image to the public(44%). Results further indicate that a majority of respondents strongly agreed with the statament that the PR department helps the CEO to select venues and props before addressing the public(58%), that the PR department shapes the CEO media and public appearances (63%) and that the PR department trains the CEO in corporate dressing and image marketing. Recommendations: The study recommends that since there seems to be a positive relationship between organization performance and the CEOs positive image, then PR departments and CEOs should seriously emphasize on the important role of PR department in shaping the CEOs image. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/2999 Files in this item: 1