Browsing Journal Articles by Subject "Adolescents"
Now showing items 1-10 of 10
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James, Naomi (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018)
[more][less]Abstract: The development of conduct disorder is linked to an interaction of various factors. Although some children will manifest with symptoms such as aggression, rebellion and emotional problems before the age of ten, conduct disorder occurs mostly from ten years and above. The purpose of this study was to establish some of the distressful events children with conduct disorder may have experienced. The study focused on identifying the association between exposure to distressful situations such as domestic violence, child abuse, death of a parent and the risks of developing conduct disorder. A total of 167 respondents aged between 13 and 17 years from Kabete and Wamumu rehabilitation schools in Kenya participated in this crosssectional study. A self-administered questionnaire and Child Behavior Checklist Youth Self Report for ages (11-18) (2001) were administered. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 (2011). The prevalence of conduct disorder was 36.4%, while 71.9% of the respondents were found to have witnessed violence within their neighborhood. Additionally, 68.9% of the respondents found people in their neighborhood hostile to them, 62.9% felt neglected by their parents or caregivers, and 58.1% had parents who abused alcohol. Furthermore, 54.5% of the respondents reported that their parents or caregivers punished them with beatings, while 53.9% had been emotionally abused by their parents or caregivers. Out of the distressful events variables investigated for association with conduct disorder, parents or caregivers fighting with weapons and witnessing parents or caregivers fight physically at home had a strong link. Moreover, respondents whose parents or caregivers abused alcohol or who were neglected had higher risks of developing conduct disorder. These findings show that the prevalence of conduct disorder was high among juvenile delinquents and that the occurrence of the disorder was associated with distressful events experienced. This calls for interventions aimed at training parents on effective parenting skills, providing a safe home environment and appropriate treatment for juveniles with conduct disorder. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3020 Files in this item: 1
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James, Naomi; Munene, Alice (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018)
[more][less]Abstract: The development of conduct disorder is linked to an interaction of various factors. Although some children will manifest with symptoms such as aggression, rebellion and emotional problems before the age of ten, conduct disorder occurs mostly from ten years and above. The purpose of this study was to establish some of the distressful events children with conduct disorder may have experienced. The study focused on identifying the association between exposure to distressful situations such as domestic violence, child abuse, death of a parent and the risks of developing conduct disorder. A total of 167 respondents aged between 13 and 17 years from Kabete and Wamumu rehabilitation schools in Kenya participated in this crosssectional study. A self-administered questionnaire and Child Behavior Checklist Youth Self Report for ages (11-18) (2001) were administered. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 (2011). The prevalence of conduct disorder was 36.4%, while 71.9% of the respondents were found to have had witnessed violence within their neighborhood. Additionally, 68.9% of the respondents found people in their neighborhood hostile to them, 62.9% felt neglected by their parents or caregivers, and 58.1% had their parents abuse alcohol. Furthermore, 54.5% of the respondents reported that their parents or caregivers punished them with beatings, while 53.9% had been emotionally abused by their parents or caregivers. Out of the distressful events variables investigated for association with conduct disorder, parents or caregivers fighting with weapons and witnessing parents or caregivers fight physically at home had a strong link. Moreover, respondents whose parents or caregivers abused alcohol or who were neglected had higher risks of developing conduct disorder. These findings show that the prevalence of conduct disorder was high among juvenile delinquents and that the occurrence of the disorder was associated with distressful events experienced. This calls for interventions aimed at training parents on effective parenting skills, providing a safe home environment and appropriate treatment for juveniles with conduct disorder. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3133 Files in this item: 1
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Munene, Alice; James, Naomi (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2017)
[more][less]Abstract: Previous studies on conduct disorder in rehabilitation schools have indicated high prevalence and this disorder is associated with criminal activities. Some underlying factors have been associated with the development of conduct disorder among juvenile delinquents. This study sought to establish the prevalence of conduct disorder among juvenile delinquents in rehabilitation schools. A total of 167 adolescents from two selected rehabilitation schools (Nairobi and Kirinyaga) participated in this cross-sectional study. A prevalence rate of 36.4% was found among the adolescents. In the aspect of marital status, the highest prevalence was among children who came from families where the parents were widowed (51.4%), whereas the prevalence among children from married or cohabiting parents was 34.0%. Children who were 17 years old had 52.5% prevalence of conduct disorder and the 16 year olds had 34.4% prevalence whereas, children who committed truancy had a prevalence rate of 64.0%. Significant associations were found between religiosity of parents, types of crime committed, marital status of parents and occurrence of conduct disorder. The prevalence of conduct disorder was high among juvenile delinquents in rehabilitation schools, which makes it a matter of major concern. Moreover, the association of conduct disorder with older adolescents is an issue that requires quick intervention before these children advance into serious criminal activities. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3134 Files in this item: 1
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Ireri, Niceta W.; Mbwayo, Anne W.; Munene, Alice K.; Tuikong, Silvia (Elixir Psychology, August 15, 2017)
[more][less]Abstract: Autism is one disorder among a spectrum of disorders known as Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) or Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). It is a general term that describes mental ailments that has diverse symptoms and characteristics. These include; restricted/repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, and activities during the early developmental period. Others exhibit hyperactivity, aggression and anxiety. The individual’s functionality is impaired requiring early intervention. Anxiety is a common comorbid and if left untreated affects the social functionality in ASD. This study looked at the proportion and levels of severity of the anxiety in a sample of 80 school children and adolescents with ASD. The goal of this study was to determine the levels, proportions and severity of anxiety among children presenting with ASD. The sample of 80 children and adolescents with ASD were observed and rated by their parents/teachers/caregivers using the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory (CASI) to measure anxiety. Eighty four percent of the total sample met cut-off criteria of at least one anxiety disorder. Anxiety was associated with poor coping skills and greater impairments in social reciprocity. Anxiety is a common comorbid in ASD which requires clinical assessment and treatment. It is important to those who deal with children and adolescent with ASD to understand the symptoms and management of anxiety both in school and other settings (home, social places). Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3132 Files in this item: 1
d8fda3ee484d74e900f0cf97ae75520692b8.pdf (175.8Kb) -
Mbiriri, Michael; Waithima, Abraham K.; Omondi, Maxwell Philip (American Journal of Applied Psychology, 2017)[more][less]
Abstract: Studies on juvenile delinquents have shown an overlap between delinquency and psychiatric disorder such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD, conduct disorders (CD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study investigated the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among adolescent girls in selected rehabilitation schools in Kenya. The study sample had a total of 78 purposely selected adolescents in the two rehabilitation schools. The research found that the overall prevalence of depression was 66.7% that of anxiety disorder was 70.5%, while the prevalence of conduct disorder was 55.1%.In addition. This article has shown high presence of psychiatric morbidity among adolescent girls, incarcerated at Kirigiti and Dagoretti rehabilitation schools. These juvenile needs mental treatment as a key rehabilitation measure. Description: Published Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3544 Files in this item: 1
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Kuria, Jane; Wahome, Lillian; Tuikong, Sylvia (International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 2018)[more][less]
Abstract: Previous studies on Post Traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD) in adolescents have indicated that PTSD is co-morbid with other mental disorders such as anxiety and depression. PTSD is an anxiety disorder that may develop following an individual’s experiences or even witness of traumatic experiences where the natural ability of “fight or flight” responses are damaged or altered. The purpose of this study was to identify co-morbidities of PTSD among adolescents. The target population of the study was Neema and Tumaini children homes at Nyandarua County, Kenya. Quasi –experimental research design was adopted for this study with a target of 402 adolescents living in the children’s home. A sample size of 160 was selected using purposive sampling. The tools used for this study included University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) PTSD-Revised Index for PTSD, Children Depression Inventort (CDI) for depression and Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for anxiety. Data was analyzed using SPSS-21 and was presented through tabulation. The findings of this research indicate that PTSD co-morbids depression and anxiety. The analysis conducted at the end of the study showed that ICBT significantly reduced depression and anxiety symptoms with P<0.003 for depression and P<0.001 for anxiety. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3571 Files in this item: 1
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Kariuki, Scolastica N.; Kinai, Theresia; Gatumu, Haniel Nyaga; Ndeke, Sr Florentina Ndunge (Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy, 2014)
[more][less]Abstract: The study investigated the relationship between adolescents’ perceptions of parental behaviours and their involvement in nonillegal and minor-illegal delinquency in selected secondary schools, in Nairobi County of Kenya. The study was informed by Parenting models theory, Social Control Theory and Ego identity versus Role confusion theory. A co relational survey design was employed and the participants comprised 219 females and 191 male students selected by use of stratified and simple random sampling methods. Data was collected using questionnaires and a behaviour checklist. Data was analyzed using parametric correlation statistics. The study revealed that, parental supportiveness was not related to adolescents’ non-illegal and minor-illegal delinquent behaviours. That is, the adolescents who perceived excessive parental monitoring comprised the highest percentage of those who were involved in occasional non-illegal (77.6%) and occasional minor-illegal (51.7%) delinquent behaviours. The highest percentage of the persistent non-illegal (17.5%) and persistent minor-illegal (7.7%) delinquent behaviours were those who perceived excessive parental monitoring. The lowest percentage of the adolescents who were involved in occasional non-illegal (46.2%) and persistent non-illegal (7.7%) behaviours were those who perceived low parental monitoring. The results also revealed a significant positive relationship between adolescents’ perceptions of parental monitoring and non-illegal, and substance abuse delinquent behaviours. The study recommended psychosocial training for parents to enhance effective parenting. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3160 Files in this item: 1
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Kariuki, Scolastica N.; Aloka, Peter J.O.; Gatumu, Haniel Nyaga; Gitonga, Ciriaka (Journal of Educational and Social Research MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy, January , 2015)
[more][less]Abstract: This study examined the relationship between adolescents’ perceptions of parents’ behaviours and their involvement in nonillegal and minor illegal delinquent behaviours in Secondary Schools, Nairobi Kenya. The study adopted a co-relational survey design. Questionnaires and a behaviour check list were used to gather data among students selected by stratified and simple random sampling. Data analysis was done by doing correlation. The findings showed that, perceived parental conflicts and non-illegal delinquent behaviours was r (.157**) = .001, p < .01), while the correlation between perceived parental conflicts and minor-illegal behaviour was r (.049) = .325, p >.01, and parental conflicts and generalised delinquency was r (.124) = .012, p <.01. That is, there was significant positive relationship between high level Inter-parental conflicts and adolescents’ involvement in non-illegal delinquent behaviours and generalised delinquency. However, inter-parental conflicts are not significantly related to adolescents’ involvement in minor-illegal delinquent behaviours. The study recommended parental psycho-education in schools toward reducing conflicts and preventive and remedial counselling for adolescents involved in delinquency or exposed to the conflicts. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3182 Files in this item: 1
5590-21719-1-PB.pdf (189.1Kb) -
Ojuade, Samuel O.; Munene, Alice; Mbutu, Paul (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018)
[more][less]Abstract: The purpose of this study was to establish the severity of suicide behaviors and co-existing mental disorders at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kappa-Lagos, Nigeria. The sample size of 115 participants was selected at 80% power and 30% effective size using purposive sampling technique. The research used Suicide Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ-R), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), and Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ) to collect data. Data obtained from researcher-generated socio-economic demographic questionnaire and standardized psychological assessment tools was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and summarized in percentages. The results of the study show that suicide behaviors were more predominantly severe among participants aged 18-21 than participants aged 14-17. The prevalence of suicide behavior was noticed among female, university students, and Christians, especially the Pentecostals. In addition, the severity of suicidal behaviors was high among adolescents whose fathers were employed, whose mothers were jobless, whose family economic status was poor and slightly higher among adolescents whose parents lived together compared to those whose parents lived apart. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3021 Files in this item: 1
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Nyagwencha, Stella; Munene, Alice; James, Naomi (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018)
[more][less]Abstract: Adolescents are at a high risk of exposure to possible abuse due to their vulnerability and dependence on caregivers. The objective of this study was to establish the types of abuse experienced by adolescents with mild and moderate symptoms of anxiety disorder and living in charitable children’s institutions (CCIs). Data was collected from three CCIs in Nairobi County, Kenya. The sample size was made up of 115 adolescents who gave informed consent and met the inclusion criteria. The respondents were administered a socio-demographic questionnaire, which was asking questions about socio-demographic characteristics and previous experiences of abuse. The respondents also completed Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI) to be able to establish the presence and severity of symptoms of anxiety disorder. Respondents who experienced neglect were 60.9% while 42.1% experienced emotional abuse. Those who experienced physical abuse were 26.1% while 13.0% experienced sexual abuse. Males had a higher mean in physical abuse and neglect while females had a higher mean in sexual abuse and emotional abuse. These study findings are important because they would inform policy makers on the types of abuse adolescents living in CCIs have experienced and add to the existing body of knowledge on abuse among adolescents. Further, this information would enable policy makers to integrate treatment and prevention programs for abused adolescents living in CCIs. It is such abuses which were responsible for these adolescents ending up in CCIs in the first place. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3015 Files in this item: 1
Now showing items 1-10 of 10